Some people and indeed all over the world, including well travelled, often confuse England, United Kingdom and Great Britain.
England is a country just like Tanzania and its capital is London just like Dodoma is the capital of Tanzania.
Great Britain is a collection of 3 countries which came together as one country and has its capital as London. Those 3 countries are:
- England,
- Scotland
- Wales.
When you include Northern Ireland to these 3 countries, they become United Kingdom (Union of four nations)
- England,
- Scotland,
- Wales, and
- Northern Ireland.
That is why it is referred to as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Collectively, the four are taken as one country. And when this is the case, London is its capital.
Note however that these four individual nations all have their own respective capitals.
Accordingly, the capital of
Scotland is Edinburgh,
Wales is Cardiff;
Northern Ireland is Belfast.
England is London.